TRIBAL POLITY ®Vedic period worked with tribal chief in centre called Rajan due to his successful leadership in war. ®His post has become hereditary. He did not exercise unlimited power. ®He was elected by tribal assembly called Samiti ®Several tribal based assemblies were there who exercised deliberative , military and religious functions. Sabha and samiti […]
Read More »Asoka The name Asoka means Sorrow free. Period of Asoka brightest the chapter in the history of mankind. His inscription reveals his activities, after serving as Viceroy Asoka success Bindusara to the Mauryans throne. Name in the Inscriptions The name Asoka is written only once in Maski Edict . The names like Asokaravadhana and […]
Read More »ADVENT OF ARYANS AND THE AGE OF RID VEDA Original home and identity The Aryans spoke the Indo-European languages, which are current in changed forms all over Europe, Iran and the greater part of the Indian continent. Aryans seems to be lived somewhere in the steppes stretching from southern Russia to Central Asia Certain names […]
Read More »PARLIAMENTARY PRIVILEGES Meaning Parliamentary privileges are special rights, immunities and exemptions enjoyed by the two Houses of Parliament, their committees and their members. They are necessary in order to secure the independence and effectiveness of their actions. Without these privileges, the Houses can neither maintain their authority, dignity and honour nor can protect their members […]
Read More »Special Powers of Rajya Sabha Due to its federal character, the Rajya Sabha has been given two exclusive or special powers that are not enjoyed by the Lok Sabha: It can authorise the Parliament to make a law on a subject enumerated in the State List (Article 249). It can authorise the Parliament to create […]
Read More »POSITION OF RAJYA SABHA The Constitutional position of the Rajya Sabha (as compared with the Lok Sabha) can be studied from three angles: Where Rajya Sabha is equal to Lok Sabha. Where Rajya Sabha is unequal to Lok Sabha. Where Rajya Sabha has special powers that are not at all shared with the Lok Sabha. […]
Read More »MULTIFUNCTIONAL ROLE OF PARLIAMENT In the ‘Indian politico-administrative system’, the Parliament occupies a central position and has a multifunctional role. It enjoys extensive powers and performs a variety of functions towards the fulfilment of its constitutionally expected role. Its powers and functions can be classified under the following heads: Legislative Powers and Functions Executive Powers […]
Read More »BUDGET IN PARLIAMENT The Constitution refers to the budget as the ‘annual financial statement’. In other words, the term ‘budget’ has nowhere been used in the Constitution. It is the popular name for the ‘annual financial statement’ that has been dealt with in Article 112 of the Constitution. The budget is a statement of […]
Read More »JOINT SITTING OF TWO HOUSES Joint sitting is an extraordinary machinery provided by the Constitution to resolve a deadlock between the two Houses over the passage of a bill. A deadlock is deemed to have taken place under any one of the following three situations after a bill has been passed by one House and […]
Read More »LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE IN PARLIAMENT The legislative procedure is identical in both the Houses of Parliament. Every bill has to pass through the same stages in each House. A bill is a proposal for legislation and it becomes an act or law when duly enacted. Table 22.3 Public Bill vs Private Bill Public Bill Private Bill […]
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Unveiling the Mysteries of the Zam Zam Well: History, Significance, and Controversies
Vijay Ratna Kumar J | March 27, 2023